Akath does not have a dedicated negation word like "no"; instead, it happens with one of these ways:
- The particle taw. It is used in two different ways:
- With the quotative mood, to indicate that the reported speech does not correspond to reality. This is not exactly negation.
- To indicate that an utterance in indicative is deemed impossible or counterfactual.
- The morpheme /-tk/ after the verb stem (i.e., after tense suffixes). This is the most common negation.
- The standalone negated verb tik-. This is only used to avoid repeating a verb clear from the context.
Examples
Indicative
\gla Thi klef-tk-oy teppiwec-e se.
\glb He/she go-NEG-AN city-ACC that-ACC.
\ft He is not going to that city.
\gla Prith-ya taw zamm-ur.
\glb Guard-PL IRR come-AN-PL.
\ft The guards are not possibly coming.
\gla Ujjo tik-p-oy jecif-e, klef-p-oy sarlayth-e.
\glb Bird NEG-PAST-AN hill-ACC, go-PAST-AN tree-ACC.
\ft The bird didn't go to the hill, but to the tree.
Quotative
\gla Thi wejo-y prithi taw zamm-uy
\glb He/she say-AN guard IRR come-AN
\ft She says, wrongly, that the guard is coming